Citations and Bibliographies in APA Style

Citations and Bibliographies in APA Style

According to the capitalization in reference lists, it is only capitalize the first letter of all words in periodical titles. For other titles (i.e. books, articles, or Web pages) it is capitalize only the first letter of the first word of the title and subtitle, and proper nouns.

ARTICLES

Journal Article (print):

For articles with up to and including 7 authors, include the names of all authors.

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year). Title of article. Title of Journal, volume number(issue number), pages.

Kozma, A., & Stones, M. J. (1983). Re-validation of the Memorial University of Newfoundland scale of happiness.

    Canadian Journal on Aging, 2(1), 27-29.

Newspaper Article (online, no doi):

Provide URL of newspaper's homepage only if doi is not available. Omit page numbers for online newspaper articles.

Author, A. A. (Year, Month day). Title of article. Title of Newspaper. Retrieved from

    http://newspaper homepage address

Hurley, C. (2009, October 24). Suzuki encourages Newfoundlanders to join the world in demonstration on climate change. The Western Star. Retrieved from http://www.thewesternstar.com/

BOOKS

Author, A. A. (Year). Title of book. Location: Publisher.

For location, give city name & and state/province abbreviation. Outside North America, spell out city & country names.

Grenfell, W. T. (1919). A Labrador doctor: The autobiography of Wilfred Thomason Grenfell. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin Company.

Rutherfurd, E. (1988). Sarum. London, UK: Arrow Books

E-Books

Provide the doi number (Digital Object Identifier) or a URL. Only use a URL if the doi is not available.

Author, A. A. (Year). Title of book. doi:xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

Moorcroft, W. H. (2005). Understanding sleep and dreaming. doi:10.1007/0-387-28698-5

Author, A. A. (Year). Title of book. Retrieved from http://URL

Holland, N. N. (1982). Laughing: A psychology of humor. Retrieved from

    http://www.uflib.ufl.edu/ufdc/UFDC.aspx?n=palmm&c=psa1&m=hd2J&i=45367

Edited Book

State the editor(s) instead of author, followed by (Ed.) or, for multiple editors (Eds.).

Wright, M. J., & Myers, C. R. (Eds.). (1983). History of academic psychology in Canada. Toronto, Canada: Hogrefe and Huber.

WEBSITES

If no author is available, begin entry with the title. If no publication date is available, use (n.d.) for "no date".

Author, A. A. (Year, Month day). Title of web page/document. Retrieved from http://URL to specific page

Rose, C. (2012, November 12). How to write citations and bibliographies in APA style. Retrieved from

    http://www.library.mun.ca/guides/howto/apa.php

Newfoundland and Labrador Environment Network. (2011, October 7). Voting for the environment: Environment Network releases review of party policies. Retrieved from http://www.nlen.ca/issues/forests/voting-for-the-environment-environment-network-releases-review-of-party-policies/

Newfoundland government rejects environmental impact statement for nickel plant. (2008, November 28). Retrieved from     http://www.miningwatch.ca/newfoundland-government-rejects-environmental-impact-statement-nickel-plant-0

Biography of Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie (1977-). (1999,n.d.).

Retrieved from http://www.gradesaver.com/author/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie/

Dictionary/Encyclopedia (Print):

Author, A. A. (if available). (Year). Title of entry. In B. B. Editor (Ed.), Title of dictionary/encyclopedia (p. page number). Location: Publisher.

Facial expression. (2007). In G.R. VandenBos (Ed.), APA dictionary of psychology (pp. 362-3). Washington, DC:

    American Psychological Association.

Dictionary/Encyclopedia (Online):

Provide the doi number (Digital Object Identifier) or a URL. Only use a URL if the doi is not available. If there are no page numbers, the entry title is sufficient.

Author, A. A. (if available). (Year). Title of entry. In B.B. Editor (Ed.), Title of dictionary/encyclopedia. (p. page number). doi:xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx OR Retrieved from http://URL

Roesch, S. (2006). Coping mechanisms. In Y. K. Jackson (Ed.), Encyclopedia of multicultural psychology. Retrieved from http://www.sage-ereference.com.qe2a-proxy.mun.ca/multiculturalpsychology/Article_n53.html

Movie:

Producer, A. A. (Producer/s), & Director, B. B. (Director). (Year). Title of motion picture [Motion picture]. Country

    of origin: Studio.

Bender, L., Burns, S. Z., & David, L. (Producers), & Guggenheim, D. (Director). (2006). An inconvenient truth [Motion picture]. United States: Paramount.

sources:

Memorial University Libraries. Available at: http://www.library.mun.ca/guides/howto/apa.php. Retrieved: May 20, 2013